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This open access book examines the relationship between trade and women’s economic empowerment by focusing on small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in six countries: Cambodia, Ghana, Madagascar, Nigeria, Senegal and Vietnam. The authors make use of both survey data and qualitative analysis to understand why and how trade can create more jobs for women, and how the jobs created are contributing to women’s empowerment. They propose strategies and policies for ensuring that women can benefit from trade. After providing the context for the research and reviewing the literature on trade and gender in the introductory chapter, the second chapter analyzes survey data collected for this project. This is followed by a qualitative analysis of the six country cases in the next two chapters: Cambodia and Vietnam (Chapter 3), followed by Ghana, Madagascar, Nigeria and Senegal (Chapter 4). The final chapter concludes with a summary of our findings and policy recommendations. Adedeji Adeniran is the Director of Research at the Center for the Study of the Economies of Africa, which is based in Abuja Nigeria. Madhurjya Kumar Dutta is currently the Director, Trade and Investment Facilitation Department of the Mekong Institute, Thailand. Jasmine Lal Fakmawii is Trade and Investment Program Coordinator at Mekong Institute, Thailand. Wen Hao currently works as the Program Coordinator in the Trade and Investment Facilitation Department at Mekong Institute, Thailand. Augustine Iraoya is Research Associate at Centre for the Study of the Economies of Africa, Nigeria. Yiagadeesen Samy is a Professor of International Affairs and currently the Director of the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs (NPSIA) at Carleton University.

International economic relations. --- International Political Economy’. --- Economic policy, Foreign --- Economic relations, Foreign --- Economics, International --- Foreign economic policy --- Foreign economic relations --- Interdependence of nations --- International economic policy --- International economics --- New international economic order --- Economic policy --- International relations --- Economic sanctions

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The book considers the impact of COVID-19 on the GCC member states through the prism of challenges faced by their hydrocarbon sector. Yet, the publication’s discourse is not solely focused on the problems experienced by the oil and gas industries of the GCC member states after the beginning of the COVID pandemic. Instead, the contributors will analyze how these challenges and subsequent response to them affected other aspects of the GCC socio-economic and political development, from direct impact of the COVID on the energy sector of the GCC to socio-economic consequences of the oil market crisis for the region and its potential fallouts for the international relations of the Gulf. Nikolay Kozhanov is a Research Associate Professor at the Gulf Studies Center of Qatar University. He is also a Non-Resident Scholar at the Program on Economics and Energy at the Middle East Institute. His research interests are focused on the geopolitics of the Gulf hydrocarbons, Russian foreign policy in the Middle East as well as Iran’s economy and international relations. Karen E. Young is a Senior Fellow and Director of the Program on Economics and Energy at the Middle East Institute. She was a resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute (AEI), focused on the political economy of the Middle East and states of the Gulf Cooperation Council. She regularly teaches at the Foreign Service Institute at the US Department of State, and has taught at George Washington University and the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies. Jalal Qanas is an assistant professor in the College of Business and Economics at Qatar University. During 2013-2017, he was Teaching Assistant in Economics for Undergraduate and Postgraduate students at the University of Leeds. He also taught a summer course in the Economics of Brexit at Oxford University. Before joining Qatar University, Jalal was a Visiting Lecturer at the University of West London. Qanas’ research interests are mainly in macroeconomic policies, monetary economics, central banking and political economy of the Persian Gulf.

International economic relations. --- International relations. --- International Economics. --- International Relations. --- Foreign Policy. --- Coexistence --- Foreign affairs --- Foreign policy --- Foreign relations --- Global governance --- Interdependence of nations --- International affairs --- Peaceful coexistence --- World order --- National security --- Sovereignty --- World politics --- Economic policy, Foreign --- Economic relations, Foreign --- Economics, International --- Foreign economic policy --- Foreign economic relations --- International economic policy --- International economics --- New international economic order --- Economic policy --- International relations --- Economic sanctions

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This book introduces a new economic and financial system to replace the flawed current system. The past financial crises, including the Great Depression, the Global Financial Crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the ongoing war between Russia and Ukraine, have showed us that the global financial system has problems and that a paradigm change and mindset shift to provide a better world to society is essential. This book brings a new sustainable approach to replace the current system and will be of interest to academics, policymakers, and professionals working with financial markets, financial economics, sustainability, and impact finance. Levent Sümer is the Founder and the Chairman of SMR Strategy, an international investment and management consultancy company. Besides his professional life, he teaches at Boğaziçi University on the Executive MBA and CEM Programs.

International finance. --- Finance. --- International economic relations. --- International Finance. --- Financial Economics. --- International Economics. --- Economic policy, Foreign --- Economic relations, Foreign --- Economics, International --- Foreign economic policy --- Foreign economic relations --- Interdependence of nations --- International economic policy --- International economics --- New international economic order --- Economic policy --- International relations --- Economic sanctions --- Funding --- Funds --- Economics --- Currency question --- International monetary system --- International money --- Finance --- International economic relations

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In his wonderfully researched and tightly argued book, Michael Schedelik explains why the Brazilian development strategy of significantly raising the level of technological development in order to be less dependent on raw material exports was not successful. A must-read for students of innovation processes in emerging economies for many years to come. Andreas Nölke, Professor of Political Science, Goethe University Frankfurt Innovation in Brazil has been a topic of extensive research, but rarely before Michael Schedelik’s book has it been done as comprehensively with such a wealth of empirical evidence. Ben Ross Schneider, Ford International Professor of Political Science and Director of the MIT-Brazil Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology This is a path breaking contribution to the study of comparative political economy of development in emerging economies. It is a provocative must read for those who strive to avoid simplistic structural and facile political explanations of upgrading development. Antonio José Junqueira Botelho, Professor of Comparative Political Economy, IUPERJ Universidade Candido Mendes, Rio de Janeiro Today’s middle-income countries tend to be locked in a middle-income trap, unable to transition to higher income levels due to rising costs and declining competitiveness. While there is a broad consensus that upgrading these economies towards innovation-led growth is imperative, countless institutional and political economy obstacles remain. This book brings together analytical perspectives from comparative political economy, innovation studies, and development economics for the study of technological upgrading. Its distinctive contribution is the development of an innovative theoretical framework, named upgrading regimes, combining and extending the comparative capitalism and innovation system perspectives. It explores the usefulness of this approach by providing an indepth assessment of the political economy of upgrading in Brazil under the Workers’ Party governments. As the politics of technological upgrading will be one of the crucial research areas in the years to come, this book promises to become a key reference point in this debate. Michael Schedelik is Lecturer and Research Associate at the Institute of Political Science at Goethe University Frankfurt. His research focuses on the politics of growth and innovation in developing and emerging economies.

International economic relations. --- International relations. --- International Political Economy’. --- International Relations Theory. --- Coexistence --- Foreign affairs --- Foreign policy --- Foreign relations --- Global governance --- Interdependence of nations --- International affairs --- Peaceful coexistence --- World order --- National security --- Sovereignty --- World politics --- Economic policy, Foreign --- Economic relations, Foreign --- Economics, International --- Foreign economic policy --- Foreign economic relations --- International economic policy --- International economics --- New international economic order --- Economic policy --- International relations --- Economic sanctions

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This book provides a history of Swiss banking not confined to stereotypical opinions about secret numbered accounts. Instead, the presented history covers other intriguing events and developments beyond the famous issue of banking secrecy and the corresponding scandals. Topics covered in the book include the early financial innovations by banks in Geneva to handle the sovereign risk on bonds issued in pre-revolutionary France, the monetary chaos that led to the creation of the Swiss franc, the rather peculiar banknote competition and free-banking system in Switzerland during most of the nineteenth century, how the country and its currency became a financial safe haven after World War I, the golden age of Swiss banking when Zurich was briefly one of the largest financial centres in the world, and the exceptional shocks during and after the recent global financial crisis. In sum, a fascinating story emerges about an internationally important banking centre in one of the most unlikely places in the world. This book is a must-read for students, scholars, and researchers of economics and finance, as well as practitioners interested in a better understanding of economic history in general, and Swiss banking in particular. .

Economic history. --- Financial services industry. --- Macroeconomics. --- International economic relations. --- Economic History. --- Financial Services. --- Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics. --- International Economics. --- Economic policy, Foreign --- Economic relations, Foreign --- Economics, International --- Foreign economic policy --- Foreign economic relations --- Interdependence of nations --- International economic policy --- International economics --- New international economic order --- Economic policy --- International relations --- Economic sanctions --- Economics --- Services, Financial --- Service industries --- Economic conditions --- History, Economic